Astragalus

Botanical Name:
 Astragalus membranaceus, Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus
Common Names: Huang-qi, Milk-Vetch Root

Overview

Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years to promote the discharge of urine, lower blood pressure, and increase endurance. Clinically, it is used primarily for general digestive disorders such as diarrhea, gas, and bloating, as well as chronic phlegm production. This herb is also used for its immune enhancing properties, especially for the prevention and treatment of the common cold and chronic hepatitis.
In the United States, astragalus has been investigated as a possible treatment for patients whose immune systems have been compromised by chemotherapy or radiation. Astragalus supplements have been shown to speed recovery and extend life expectancy in these patients. Research regarding the use of astragalus in people with AIDS has produced intriguing but inconclusive results.
Recent research in China indicates that astragalus may offer antioxidant benefits in people with severe forms of heart disease, relieving symptoms and improving heart function. Because astragalus has many potential applications and few, if any, side effects, it holds promise as an alternative treatment option.

Plant Description

Astragalus is a perennial plant, approximately 16 inches tall, that is native to the northern and eastern parts of China as well as Mongolia. It has hairy stems with leaves made up of 12 to 18 pairs of leaflets. The root is usually harvested from 4-year-old plants.

Parts Used

The dried root is used medicinally.

Medicinal Uses and Indications

Traditional uses include the treatment of the following:

• Colds and influenza
• Persistent infection
• Fever
• Night sweats
• Multiple allergies
• Shortness of breath
• Chronic fatigue
• Fatigue or lack of appetite associated with chemotherapy
• Anemia
• Wounds
• Stomach ulcers
• Uterine bleeding
• Prolapsed uterus

It is also used to treat general digestive disturbances, including diarrhea, gas, and bloating.

Available Forms

Astragalus root may be available in a variety of forms:

• Capsules for internal use
• Injectable forms for use in clinical settings
• Ointments for application to the skin

How to Take It

Pediatric
Astragalus may be used in children to support the immune system but should not be used if the child has a fever. The dose should be determined by adjusting the recommended adult dose to account for the child's weight. Most herbal dosages for adults are calculated on the basis of a 150 lb (70 kg) adult. Therefore, if the child weighs 50 lb (20 to 25 kg), the appropriate dose of astragalus for this child would be 1/3 of the adult dosage. This dose should be taken once daily for up to one month.
Adult
Recommended doses are as follows:

• Decoction (strong boiled tea): 3 to 6 g of dried root per 12 oz water
• Fluid extract (1:1) in 25% ethanol: 2 to 4 mL three times a day
• Powdered extract (solid): 100 to 150 mg of a product standardized to 0.5% 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy isoflavone. Note: this chemical is only used as a manufacturing marker, not as a guarantee of potency or effectiveness.
• Ointment: 10% astragalus applied to surface of wound
• Tincture (1:5) in 30% ethanol: 3 to 5 mL three times a day

Precautions

Astragalus has no known side effects and can be used safely even in individuals who may not tolerate many other supplements.
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, you should consult with your physician before taking any medication, including herbs.

Possible Interactions

If you are currently being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use astragalus without first talking to your healthcare provider.
Antiviral medications
Astragalus may increase the effects of some antiviral medications such as acyclovir and interferon.
Cyclophosphamide
Astragalus may also counteract the immune-suppressing effects of cyclophosphamide, a medication used to reduce the chances of rejection in transplant recipients.